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Germ
(jerm)
A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause infection and disease.
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Germ cell
(jerm sel)
A reproductive cell of the body. Germ cells are egg cells in females and sperm cells in males.
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Germ cell tumor
jerm sel TOO-mer
A type of tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs. Germ cell tumors can occur almost anywhere in the body and can be either benign or malignant.
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Germinoma
(JER-mih-NOH-muh)
A type of tumor that begins in germ cells (cells that form sperm or eggs).
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Germline Mutation
(JERM-line myoo-TAY-shun)
A gene change in a body's reproductive cell (egg or sperm) that becomes incorporated into the DNA of every cell in the body of the offspring. Germline mutations are passed on from parents to offspring. Also called germline variant.
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GIST
A type of tumor that usually begins in cells in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be benign or malignant. Also called gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
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Glands
glands
Organs that makes one or more substances, such as hormones, digestive juices, sweat, tears, saliva, or milk. Endocrine glands release the substances directly into the bloodstream. Exocrine glands release the substances into a duct or opening to the inside or outside of the body.
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Glial cells
GLEE-ul sel
Any of the cells that hold nerve cells in place and help them work the way they should. The types of glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells. Also called neuroglia.
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Glucagon
(GLOO-kuh-gon)
A hormone produced by the pancreas that increases the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.
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Glucocorticoids
(GLOO-koh-KOR-tih-koyds)
A compound that belongs to the family of compounds called corticosteroids (steroids). Glucocorticoids affect metabolism and have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. They may be naturally produced (hormones) or synthetic (drugs).
