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glossary

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  • Hormone replacement therapy

    (HOR-mone reh-PLAYS-ment THAYR-uh-pee)

    Treatment with hormones to replace natural hormones when the body does not make enough. For example, hormone replacement therapy may be given when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone or when the pituitary gland does not make enough growth hormone. Or, it may be given to women after menopause to replace the hormones estrogen and progesterone that are no longer made by the body. Also called HRT.

  • Hormone responsive

    (HOR-mone reh-SPONT-siv)

    In oncology, describes cancer that responds to hormone treatment.

  • Hormone therapy

    (HOR-mone THAYR-uh-pee)

    Treatment that adds, blocks, or removes hormones. For certain conditions (such as diabetes or menopause), hormones are given to adjust low hormone levels. To slow or stop the growth of certain cancers (such as prostate and breast cancer), synthetic hormones or other drugs may be given to block the bodys natural hormones. Sometimes surgery is needed to remove the gland that makes a certain hormone. Also called endocrine therapy, hormonal therapy, and hormone treatment.

  • Horner syndrome

    (...SIN-drome)

    A condition in which one side of the face is flushed, does not produce sweat, and has a constricted pupil and drooping eyelid. It can be caused by an injury to, or paralysis of, nerves in the neck, or by a tumor.

  • Hospice

    HOS-pis

    A program that gives special care to people who are near the end of life and have stopped treatment to cure or control their disease. Hospice offers physical, emotional, social, and spiritual support for patients and their families. The main goal of hospice care is to control pain and other symptoms of illness so patients can be as comfortable and alert as possible. It is usually given at home, but may also be given in a hospice center, hospital, or nursing home.

  • Host cell

    (... sel)

    A cell that is infected by a virus or another type of microorganism.

  • Human leukocyte antigens

    HYOO-mun LOO-koh-site AN-tih-jen

    Antigens that appear on white blood cells as well as cells of almost all other tissues. By typing for HL-A antigens, donors and recipients of white blood cells, platelets, and organs can be "matched" insuring good performance and survival of transfused and transplanted cells.

  • Hydration

    (hy-DRAY-shun)

    The process of combining with water. In medicine, the process of giving fluids needed by the body.

  • Hydrocephalus

    HY-droh-SEH-fuh-lus

    The abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.

  • Hydrocortisone

    (HY-droh-KOR-tih-sone)

    A drug used to relieve the symptoms of certain hormone shortages and to suppress an immune response.