Skip to Main Content

Welcome to

Together is a new resource for anyone affected by pediatric cancer - patients and their parents, family members, and friends.

Learn More
Blog

Transition Off Childhood Cancer Treatment

The end of cancer treatment is a joyful time for childhood cancer patients and their families. Friends throw confetti at “off chemo” parties. Patients ring bells or bang gongs after finishing radiation treatments.

However, this time of transition can also be a period of uncertainty and anxiety. It’s normal to feel this way.

No mo' chemo congratulations card with signatures from a pediatric patient's care team.

The end of cancer treatment is a joyful time, but it is also normal to feel uncertainty and anxiety during the transition.

The hospital has provided a safety net of information and support. Regular lab work, imaging scans, and clinic appointments provide a steady stream of updates about what’s going on with your child medically. Families going through the same situation are everywhere. They can immediately relate to your life.

“You really become close to your medical team and to the other families you see waiting for appointments,” said Shannon, mother of Griffin, 7, who was treated for childhood acute myeloid leukemia. “It’s like a family. You miss those friendships.”

Now Griffin returns to the hospital every few months for check-ups. Shannon is happy her son is finished with chemotherapy. But she misses the regular contact of the close network she was part of while Griffin was in treatment.

On the other hand, it is nice to do normal, everyday tasks like cleaning her own house, she said. A group of friends paid a cleaning service for her house during her son’s treatment, which was wonderful, but she likes returning to a regular routine.

Pediatric cancer patient swims with a dolphin

Griffin, a pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patient

Transitioning off childhood cancer treatment can be a period of uncertainty and anxiety for survivors. In this image, a childhood cancer survivor walks down a hospital hallway behind hospital staff.

After childhood cancer treatment ends, patients will return to their cancer center on a regular basis for follow-up check-ups, tests, and scans.

Frequent follow-up

After cancer treatment ends, patients will return to their cancer center on regular basis for follow-up check-ups, tests, and scans. This follow-up period lasts between 2 to 5 years, depending on the pediatric cancer center and the patient’s diagnosis. This phase is sometimes referred to as off therapy.

After this first follow-up period, patients move to long-term follow-up for childhood cancer survivors. The goal of long-term follow-up care is to help cancer survivors stay as healthy as possible and to monitor for late effects. Late effects are side effects of treatment that appear months or years later. The schedule and details of follow-up visits vary depending on the cancer center and the patient’s needs.

Challenges to expect

Any transition comes with challenges. The focus before has been getting through treatment. When treatment ends, you and your family must construct a new normal after cancer. Challenges may include:

Health care needs

Become a health care advocate

Parents and patients, if old enough, should have a solid understanding of the patient’s cancer and treatment. Ask the care team about possible late effects of treatment.

Families will need to be able to communicate with other health care providers about the child’s medical background and needs.

Ask about access to medical records:

  • Is there a patient portal for secure online access?
  • How can you get paper copies of records?

When patients make the transition to long-term follow-up care, they get a survivorship care plan. This includes a treatment summary and a plan for follow-up care.

Families can also put together their own summaries to help explain the patient’s medical history.

Resources include:

Reconnect with your primary health care provider

Reconnect with your child’s primary care provider. After the end of cancer treatment, this physician becomes your child’s main doctor for routine health care. Talk with the provider and with someone at the child’s pediatric cancer center to find out who to contact when you have questions about your child’s health. It is very common for parents to worry about who to call first – the pediatrician or oncologist.

Set up an appointment with the primary health care provider to talk about the child’s health care needs. Childhood cancer is so rare that pediatricians may work their whole careers without treating a patient with cancer.

Also, ask the provider if your child is due for any immunizations. Sometimes children may have missed certain vaccines during cancer treatment. If so, the Centers for Disease Control has the Catch-Up Immunization Schedule.

Inform other health care providers, such as dentists and optometrists, about your child’s cancer treatments and unique health care needs.

Insurance and access to care

Assess your insurance coverage before returning home. If you don’t have adequate medical coverage, ask a social worker or nursing care manager for help locating resources.

Create and maintain healthy habits

Creating and maintain healthy habits is important for everyone. It is especially important for cancer survivors.

Build a network of support and care

Ask the pediatric cancer center for a list of resources for cancer patients and survivors, such as support groups and summer camps. Do this even if you think you won’t need them. Having a child with cancer changes your family’s life forever.

Reach out to others to help make meaning from this life-changing experience.

Questions to ask at the end of treatment

Use the following list of questions and concerns to help have a conversation with your care team.

Follow-up care and medications

  • How often will we need to come back to the oncology clinic for check-ups, lab tests, scans, or other testing? How long will we continue to return for follow-up care?
  • What types of tests and scans will continue to be performed? How often? For how long?
  • Do we call the oncology team for routine illnesses and “well child” care? If not, how is that care managed?
  • If my child has symptoms and I’m not sure whether they’re due to a common illness or related to the cancer history, what should I do?
  • Should I still call the clinic if my child is exposed to chicken pox?
  • How long will my child need to take Bactrim, Dapsone or Pentamidine (or any other medication the child may be taking)?
  • When can my child’s central venous access device be removed? How is that done?

Vaccines and immunizations

  • When can my child resume his or her immunizations?
  • Are flu shots recommended for my child?

Behavior and common developmental issues

  • Are there certain behaviors, symptoms, or side effects I should expect to see in my child that are typical for someone coming off therapy?
  • What if my child has problems in school following therapy? What school problems might I expect for my child? Will the treatment team or hospital education consultant still be available to help with school adjustment or accommodation issues?
  • What are common emotional reactions families experience when treatment ends? Are there any resources that can help us adjust to this new phase?

Future health care

  • What is the chance of the cancer coming back? If it does, when is the most likely time period? What are the most likely symptoms of the cancer returning?
  • What is the long-term follow-up plan for my child? Is there a written summary of treatment and follow-up you can give me?
  • Will my child be followed in a long-term follow-up program at some point? When would that happen and where would we go?
  • Are there resources to help us move to adult-based care when my child becomes a young adult?
  • Use the following list of questions and concerns to help have a conversation with your care team.
  • Follow-up care and medications
  • How often will we need to come back to the oncology clinic for check-ups, lab tests, scans, or other testing? How long will we continue to return for follow-up care?
  • What types of tests and scans will continue to be performed? How often? For how long?
  • Do we call the oncology team for routine illnesses and “well child” care? If not, how is that care managed?
  • If my child has symptoms and I’m not sure whether they’re due to a common illness or related to the cancer history, what should I do?
  • Should I still call the clinic if my child is exposed to chicken pox?
  • How long will my child need to take Bactrim, Dapsone or Pentamidine (or any other medication the child may be taking)?
  • When can my child’s central venous access device be removed? How is that done?
  • Vaccines and immunizations
  • When can my child resume his or her immunizations?
  • Are flu shots recommended for my child?
  • Behavior and common developmental issues
  • Are there certain behaviors, symptoms, or side effects I should expect to see in my child that are typical for someone coming off therapy?
  • What if my child has problems in school following therapy? What school problems might I expect for my child? Will the treatment team or hospital education consultant still be available to help with school adjustment or accommodation issues?
  • What are common emotional reactions families experience when treatment ends? Are there any resources that can help us adjust to this new phase?
  • Future health care
  • What is the chance of the cancer coming back? If it does, when is the most likely time period? What are the most likely symptoms of the cancer returning?
  • What is the long-term follow-up plan for my child? Is there a written summary of treatment and follow-up you can give me?
  • Will my child be followed in a long-term follow-up program at some point? When would that happen and where would we go?
  • Are there resources to help us move to adult-based care when my child becomes a young adult?

Source: Children's Oncology Group


Together
does not endorse any branded product mentioned in this article.


Reviewed: September 2022