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Cladribine

Chemotherapy

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What is cladribine?

Cladribine (also known as 2-CDA or Leustatin®) is an anticancer medicine. It is a clear liquid given into a vein (IV).

Cladribine can pose a health hazard to caregivers. All caregivers should take safety precautions while giving this drug. For 48 hours after this drug is given, the patient’s body fluids can contain the drug. During that 48-hour period, caregivers should follow safety guidelines when handling the patient’s vomit, blood, urine, and bowel movements, including diapers. These guidelines include wearing gloves when cleaning up body fluids. For a complete list of safety precautions, see “Do you know… Protecting caregivers from drug hazards.”

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Possible side effects

  • Nausea
  • Rash and itching

Symptoms of an allergic reaction include: rash, hives, itching, chills, fever, headache, muscle ache, shortness of breath, coughing, tightness in the throat, swelling of the face or neck.

Not all patients who take cladribine will experience these side effects. Common side effects are bolded, but there may be others. Please report all suspected side effects to your doctor or pharmacist.

Find more information on side effects.

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Possible late effects

  • Fever
  • Lower blood counts 10 to 14 days later
  • Decreased kidney and liver function
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Tips for patients and families

Be sure to discuss all questions and instructions with your doctor or pharmacist. 

  • It may be easier for you to get infections while you are receiving cladribine. Stay away from crowds and people with colds, flu, or other infections.
  • Cladribine can cause nausea and vomiting. The doctor may prescribe medicine to keep you from feeling sick and throwing up after you receive cladribine.
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Always check the medication label. Many medicines look the same. Do not take any new medicine, including over-the counter medicines or supplements, without checking with your doctor or pharmacist. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about what to do in the case of a missed dose, allergic reaction, or medical emergency. 

This information is not intended to be a complete guide and is not a substitute for talking with your provider. Medicine names, appearance, formulas, or availability may vary by clinic location. Always follow the instructions given by your care team.

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