You may be wondering, “If I had cancer as a child, could my children be at risk for cancer? Could I pass on a gene that causes cancer?” These are common questions for childhood cancer survivors.
Most childhood cancers are not inherited or passed down through families. But a small number of people may inherit a genetic disorder or predisposition syndrome from 1 or both parents that can increase cancer risk. In some cases, a person with a genetic predisposition syndrome can pass the condition on to their future children.
Genetic testing and counseling
You may wonder if your child or other family members have an increased cancer risk. Genetic counseling and testing may help answer your questions about inherited risk and genetic testing for cancer.
Genetic counselors can:
- Work with you and your family to see what genetic testing may be needed
- Talk with you about the chance of passing on a genetic condition that may increase cancer risk
- Answer questions about family planning related to genetic conditions
- Give you information and support as you make decisions about genetic testing
What to expect when you meet with a genetic counselor
Your genetic counselor may ask for medical records or information about your family medical history, such as:
- The type of cancer you had and when it was diagnosed
- Any past genetic test results
- Information about family members who have had cancer, including the type of cancer and age of diagnosis
In general, genetic testing is usually done first for the person who has had cancer if a genetic condition is suspected. If a genetic condition is found, the genetic counselor may suggest genetic testing for other family members.
Before you get genetic testing, it is important to think about the benefits and risks. Genetic test results can sometimes cause sadness, anxiety, or anger. Parents may feel guilty if they pass a genetic condition to their children. A mental health provider may be able to help you work through these feelings.
Some people worry about their privacy, getting disability or life insurance, or how genetic testing results could affect their job. The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) is a federal law in the United States that helps protect against genetic discrimination and protects your privacy regarding genetic information.
